{"id":6243,"date":"2017-04-27T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2017-04-26T22:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/blog\/bright-english-grammaire-present-perfect\/"},"modified":"2022-08-26T10:37:27","modified_gmt":"2022-08-26T08:37:27","slug":"grammaire-present-perfect","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/fr\/grammaire-present-perfect\/","title":{"rendered":"Fiche grammaire : present perfect"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0);background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 0px;border-color:#eae9e9;border-style:solid;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"max-width:1456px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\" style=\"background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><p>Le present perfect est utilis\u00e9 pour faire le lien entre le pass\u00e9 et le pr\u00e9sent. Il peut \u00eatre utilis\u00e9 de plusieurs mani\u00e8res diff\u00e9rentes et est, dans certains cas, similaire au pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9 fran\u00e7ais, mais pas tout le temps.<\/p>\n<p>Revoyons d\u2019abord la structure.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-0{width:100% !important;margin-top : 0px;margin-bottom : 0px;}.fusion-builder-column-0 > .fusion-column-wrapper {padding-top : 0px !important;padding-right : 0px !important;margin-right : 1.92%;padding-bottom : 0px !important;padding-left : 0px !important;margin-left : 1.92%;}@media only screen and (max-width:1024px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-0{width:100% !important;}.fusion-builder-column-0 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}@media only screen and (max-width:640px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-0{width:100% !important;}.fusion-builder-column-0 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}<\/style><\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-flex-container.fusion-builder-row-1{ padding-top : 0px;margin-top : 0px;padding-right : 0px;padding-bottom : 0px;margin-bottom : 0px;padding-left : 0px;}<\/style><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-2 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0);background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 0px;border-color:#eae9e9;border-style:solid;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"max-width:1456px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\" style=\"background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-widget-area fusion-widget-area-1 fusion-content-widget-area\"><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-widget-area-1 {padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;}.fusion-widget-area-1 .widget h4 {color:#333333;}.fusion-widget-area-1 .widget .heading h4 {color:#333333;}.fusion-widget-area-1 .widget h4 {font-size:18px;}.fusion-widget-area-1 .widget .heading h4 {font-size:18px;}<\/style><div id=\"custom_html-452\" class=\"widget_text widget widget_custom_html\" style=\"border-style: solid;border-color:transparent;border-width:0px;\"><div class=\"textwidget custom-html-widget\"><div class=\"full-widget-flag\"><img class=\"widget-title-icon\" src=\"\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Trac-34.png\">OFFERT !<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"full-widget-content\">\r\n<h3 class=\"full-widget-title highlight\">\r\n<strong>T\u00e9l\u00e9charger votre guide gratuit<\/strong> de pr\u00e9paration au BRIGHT English<\/h3>\r\n\t<div class=\"widget-cta\"><a href=\"\/blog\/fr\/ressources\/ebooks\/ebook-bright-english\/\" style=\"color: white !important; text-decoration: none !important;\">J'EN PROFITE !<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-additional-widget-content\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-1{width:100% !important;margin-top : 30px;margin-bottom : 60px;}.fusion-builder-column-1 > .fusion-column-wrapper {padding-top : 0px !important;padding-right : 0px !important;margin-right : 1.92%;padding-bottom : 0px !important;padding-left : 0px !important;margin-left : 1.92%;}@media only screen and (max-width:1024px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-1{width:100% !important;}.fusion-builder-column-1 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}@media only screen and (max-width:640px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-1{width:100% !important;}.fusion-builder-column-1 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}<\/style><\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-flex-container.fusion-builder-row-2{ padding-top : 0px;margin-top : 0px;padding-right : 0px;padding-bottom : 0px;margin-bottom : 0px;padding-left : 0px;}<\/style><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-3 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0);background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 0px;border-color:#eae9e9;border-style:solid;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"max-width:1456px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-2 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\" style=\"background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\"><h2>Structure<\/h2>\n<p><strong>HAVE<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>(ou\u00a0HAS<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>\u00e0 la 3eme personne du singulier +\u00a0\u00a0PAST\u00a0PARTICIPLE\u00a0<\/strong>(soit la forme en \u2013ed pour les verbes r\u00e9guliers, soit la colonne 3 d\u2019une liste de verbes irr\u00e9guliers)<\/p>\n<p><u>Affirmative<\/u>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>I have met with the plant manager many times to discuss productivity issues of the new assembly line.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>She has met with the plant manager many times to discuss productivity issues of the new assembly line.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><u>Negative<\/u>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>I\u00a0have\u00a0not\u00a0spoken\u00a0with them this week. = I\u00a0haven&rsquo;t\u00a0spoken\u00a0with them this week.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>She\u00a0has\u00a0not\u00a0spoken\u00a0with them this week. = She\u00a0hasn&rsquo;t\u00a0spoken\u00a0with them this week.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><u>Question:<\/u><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Have\u00a0you\u00a0spoken\u00a0with them this week?<\/li>\n<li>Yes, I\u00a0have. \/ No, I\u00a0haven&rsquo;t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Revoyons maintenant les principales utilisations du present perfect.<\/p>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h2>Principales utilisations<\/h2>\n<p><strong>1) Actions pass\u00e9es qui ont des cons\u00e9quences dans le pr\u00e9sent. <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>The production manager has met with the director of the plant several times and spoken to him about productivity issues of the new assembly line.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>When did the action take place? <\/em><em>Recently, many times.\u00a0<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>What consequence does it have for the present? The production manager has met with the plant director to speak about the productivity issues of the new assembly line: the plant director now knows and can act.\u00a0<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2) Actions qui ont commenc\u00e9 dans le pass\u00e9 et qui sont toujours en cours au moment o\u00f9 nous parlons<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u200b<\/strong>The director\u00a0has\u00a0worked\u00a0at this plant for 10 years.<\/li>\n<li><em>When did the action begin? <\/em><em>10 years ago.\u00a0<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Has it finished? No, the director still works at the plant.\u00a0<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Present Perfect ou Pass\u00e9 simple\u00a0?<\/h2>\n<p>Les fran\u00e7ais ont souvent du mal \u00e0 faire la diff\u00e9rence entre le present perfect et le pass\u00e9 simple (past simple).<\/p>\n<p>Regardez les phrases suivantes\u00a0:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>David\u00a0<strong>lived<\/strong>\u00a0in Hong Kong in 2007. <\/em><em>(past simple)<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>David\u00a0<strong>has lived<\/strong>\u00a0in Hong Kong. <\/em><em>(present perfect)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Dans la premi\u00e8re phrase, on utilise le <strong>pass\u00e9 simple<\/strong> parce qu\u2019on a fait r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 un moment dans le pass\u00e9. Dans la deuxi\u00e8me phrase, il n\u2019y a pas de mention de temps. Nous ne savons pas quand David a v\u00e9cu \u00e0 Hong Kong, et nous ne savons pas si David vit toujours \u00e0 Hong Kong, donc nous utilisons le <strong>present perfect.<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><s>David\u00a0<strong>has lived<\/strong>\u00a0in Hong Kong<strong>\u00a0in 2007<\/strong><\/s>.\u00a0 Cette phrase est fausse. On n\u2019utilise pas le present perfect si un moment pass\u00e9 sp\u00e9cifique est \u00e9voqu\u00e9.<\/li>\n<li>David\u00a0<strong>has lived<\/strong>\u00a0in Hong Kong\u00a0<u>since<\/u>\u00a02007. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (Ces deux phrases seraient<\/li>\n<li>David\u00a0<strong>has lived<\/strong>\u00a0in Hong Kong\u00a0<u>for<\/u>\u00a0seven years. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0au pr\u00e9sent en fran\u00e7ais.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Nous savons que David\u00a0vit <strong>toujours<\/strong> \u00e0 Hong Kong. Pr\u00eatez attention \u00e0 l\u2019utilisation des mots \u2018since\u2019 et \u2018for\u2019. Ils pr\u00eatent \u00e0 confusion\u00a0! \u2018Since\u2019 est suivi par un moment du pass\u00e9 (&lsquo;2007&rsquo;, &lsquo;yesterday&rsquo;, &lsquo;last month&rsquo;, etc.), et \u2018for\u2019 est suivi par une dur\u00e9e (&lsquo;seven years&rsquo;, &lsquo;three minutes&rsquo;, &lsquo;an eternity&rsquo;).<\/p>\n<p>Mr. Brandon\u00a0<strong>worked<\/strong>\u00a0on productivity issues at the plant for a year (from 2010 to 2011). Mr. Brandon ne travaille plus sur ces probl\u00e9matiques. Nous le savons parce que le verbe est au pass\u00e9 simple.<\/p>\n<p>Mr. Brandon\u00a0<strong>has worked<\/strong>\u00a0on productivity issues at the plant for a year. Il est probable que Mr. Brandon continue \u00e0 travailler sur ces probl\u00e9matiques. Nous le savons parce que le verbe est au present perfect. L\u2019action n\u2019est pas encore termin\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<p><img class=\"img-responsive aligncenter\" title=\"Bright English : le present perfect\" src=\"https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/toeic-grammaire-9.jpg\" alt=\"Bright Grammaire - Le present perfect\" width=\"460\" height=\"199\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-2{width:100% !important;margin-top : 0px;margin-bottom : 0px;}.fusion-builder-column-2 > .fusion-column-wrapper {padding-top : 0px !important;padding-right : 0px !important;margin-right : 1.92%;padding-bottom : 0px !important;padding-left : 0px !important;margin-left : 1.92%;}@media only screen and (max-width:1024px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-2{width:100% !important;}.fusion-builder-column-2 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}@media only screen and (max-width:640px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-2{width:100% !important;}.fusion-builder-column-2 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}<\/style><\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-flex-container.fusion-builder-row-3{ padding-top : 0px;margin-top : 0px;padding-right : 0px;padding-bottom : 0px;margin-bottom : 0px;padding-left : 0px;}<\/style><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8777,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1710,1754,4775,4764,2048,2124,2164],"tags":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v17.2.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Fiche grammaire : present perfect - GlobalExam Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Rappels et exemples sur le present perfect afin de r\u00e9pondre aux questions du\u00a0test d&#039;anglais en comprenant le contexte et choisissant le bon temps.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/fr\/grammaire-present-perfect\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Fiche grammaire : present perfect - GlobalExam Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Rappels et exemples sur le present perfect afin de r\u00e9pondre aux questions du\u00a0test d&#039;anglais en comprenant le contexte et choisissant le bon temps.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/fr\/grammaire-present-perfect\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"GlobalExam Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Global.Exam\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2017-04-26T22:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-08-26T08:37:27+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/bright-present-e1553094282683.jpeg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1170\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"540\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@Global_Exam\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@Global_Exam\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/\",\"name\":\"GlobalExam Blog\",\"description\":\"Le blog du sp\\u00e9cialiste de la certification linguistique\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/fr\/grammaire-present-perfect\/#primaryimage\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/bright-present-e1553094282683.jpeg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/bright-present-e1553094282683.jpeg\",\"width\":1170,\"height\":540,\"caption\":\"Le present perfect\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/fr\/grammaire-present-perfect\/#webpage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/fr\/grammaire-present-perfect\/\",\"name\":\"Fiche grammaire : present perfect - 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