{"id":6413,"date":"2017-07-07T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2017-07-06T22:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/blog\/delf-negation\/"},"modified":"2021-10-20T11:16:46","modified_gmt":"2021-10-20T09:16:46","slug":"delf-negation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/en\/french-grammar-negation\/","title":{"rendered":"Introduction to French negation: common words and phrases"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0);background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 0px;border-color:#eae9e9;border-style:solid;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"max-width:calc( 1400px + 0px );margin-left: calc(-0px \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-0px \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\" style=\"background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><p>In this article, <strong>we\u2019re going to go into detail on French negation<\/strong>. If you\u2019ve got unanswered questions on forming negative expressions in French, this is the article for you! We\u2019ll be covering:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Understanding French negation<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Negative adverbs, adjectives, and pronouns<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Using articles<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Common phrases<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Sounds useful, <em>n\u2019est-ce pas\u00a0<\/em>? Let\u2019s get started.<\/p>\n<p>If you wish to <a href=\"https:\/\/global-exam.com\/en\/general\/french\">learn French to perfection<\/a> or take the tests <a href=\"https:\/\/global-exam.com\/en\/exam\/delf\">DELF,<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/global-exam.com\/en\/exam\/dalf\">\u00a0DALF<\/a>\u00a0or\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/global-exam.com\/en\/exam\/tcf\">TCF<\/a>\u00a0revising all our french grammar and conjugation worksheets is always a great idea!<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-0{width:100% !important;margin-top : 0px;margin-bottom : 0px;}.fusion-builder-column-0 > .fusion-column-wrapper {padding-top : 0px !important;padding-right : 0px !important;margin-right : 0px;padding-bottom : 0px !important;padding-left : 0px !important;margin-left : 0px;}@media only screen and (max-width:1024px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-0{width:100% !important;}.fusion-builder-column-0 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 0px;margin-left : 0px;}}@media only screen and (max-width:640px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-0{width:100% !important;}.fusion-builder-column-0 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 0px;margin-left : 0px;}}<\/style><\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-flex-container.fusion-builder-row-1{ padding-top : 0px;margin-top : 0px;padding-right : 0px;padding-bottom : 0px;margin-bottom : 0px;padding-left : 0px;}<\/style><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-2 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0);background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 0px;border-color:#eae9e9;border-style:solid;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"max-width:calc( 1400px + 0px );margin-left: calc(-0px \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-0px \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\" style=\"background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><div style=\"text-align:center;\"><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-button.button-1 .fusion-button-text, .fusion-button.button-1 i {color:#ffffff;}.fusion-button.button-1 .fusion-button-icon-divider{border-color:#ffffff;}.fusion-button.button-1:hover .fusion-button-text, .fusion-button.button-1:hover i,.fusion-button.button-1:focus .fusion-button-text, .fusion-button.button-1:focus i,.fusion-button.button-1:active .fusion-button-text, .fusion-button.button-1:active{color:#fe6c35;}.fusion-button.button-1:hover .fusion-button-icon-divider, .fusion-button.button-1:hover .fusion-button-icon-divider, .fusion-button.button-1:active .fusion-button-icon-divider{border-color:#fe6c35;}.fusion-button.button-1:hover, .fusion-button.button-1:focus, .fusion-button.button-1:active{border-color:#fe6c35;}.fusion-button.button-1 {border-color:#ffffff;border-radius:25px;}.fusion-button.button-1{background: #ff9800;}.fusion-button.button-1:hover,.button-1:focus,.fusion-button.button-1:active{background: #ffaa2b;}.fusion-button.button-1 .fusion-button-text {text-transform:uppercase;}<\/style><a class=\"fusion-button button-flat button-large button-custom button-1 fusion-button-span-no fusion-button-default-type\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/auth.global-exam.com\/register\"><span class=\"fusion-button-text\">Test my level for free<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-1{width:100% !important;margin-top : 30px;margin-bottom : 60px;}.fusion-builder-column-1 > .fusion-column-wrapper {padding-top : 0px !important;padding-right : 0px !important;margin-right : 0px;padding-bottom : 0px !important;padding-left : 0px !important;margin-left : 0px;}@media only screen and (max-width:1024px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-1{width:100% !important;}.fusion-builder-column-1 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 0px;margin-left : 0px;}}@media only screen and (max-width:640px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-1{width:100% !important;}.fusion-builder-column-1 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 0px;margin-left : 0px;}}<\/style><\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-flex-container.fusion-builder-row-2{ padding-top : 0px;margin-top : 0px;padding-right : 0px;padding-bottom : 0px;margin-bottom : 0px;padding-left : 0px;}<\/style><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-3 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0);background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 0px;border-color:#eae9e9;border-style:solid;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"max-width:calc( 1400px + 0px );margin-left: calc(-0px \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-0px \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-2 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\" style=\"background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\"><h2>What is French negation?<\/h2>\n<p>When we form a sentence, it is <strong>either affirmative or negative<\/strong>. A sentence like \u201cI went to the theatre\u201d is affirmative, for example, whereas \u201cI did <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">not<\/span> go to the theatre\u201d is negative.<\/p>\n<p>Negation in English usually hinges on the word \u201cnot\u201d. When we want to express French negation, we often have to rely on two words, and they can change depending on the kind of sentiment we wish to express.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-38305\" src=\"https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/french-negation-learning-e1634720960707.jpg\" alt=\"child-book-study\" width=\"700\" height=\"250\" srcset=\"https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/french-negation-learning-e1634720960707-200x72.jpg 200w, https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/french-negation-learning-e1634720960707-300x107.jpg 300w, https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/french-negation-learning-e1634720960707-400x143.jpg 400w, https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/french-negation-learning-e1634720960707-600x215.jpg 600w, https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/french-negation-learning-e1634720960707-768x275.jpg 768w, https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/french-negation-learning-e1634720960707-800x286.jpg 800w, https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/french-negation-learning-e1634720960707-1024x366.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/french-negation-learning-e1634720960707.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>How to form negative expressions<\/h2>\n<p>To form a sentence with French negation, the<strong> basic structure is as follows: <em>ne<\/em> + verb + <em>pas<\/em><\/strong><em>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>These two small words \u2013\u00a0<em>ne<\/em> and <em>pas<\/em> \u2013 are <strong>the most common form of negation<\/strong> and we can form a negative expression simply by placing them either side of the verb. Take a look at this example of an affirmative and negative sentence:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><em>J\u2019aime apprendre le fran\u00e7ais<\/em> (\u201cI like learning French\u201d)<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><em>Je <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">n<\/span>\u2019aime <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">pas<\/span> apprendre le fran\u00e7ais<\/em> (\u201cI do <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">not<\/span> like learning French\u201d)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Notice that <strong>the <em>ne<\/em> shortens to <em>n\u2019<\/em> when it precedes a vowel<\/strong>. In spoken French, this <strong><em>ne<\/em> can even disappear altogether<\/strong> and many people would simply say: <em>j\u2019aime <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">pas<\/span> apprendre le fran\u00e7ais<\/em> (although we hope we can change your mind if that is the case!).<\/p>\n<h2>Negative adverbs<\/h2>\n<p>While ne\u2026 pas may be the classic form of negation, there are <strong>many other ways to express negation<\/strong> in French using negative adverbs. The following phrases are used in the same way as described above:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><em>Ne\u2026jamais<\/em> \u2013 never<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><em>Ne\u2026nulle<\/em> part \u2013 not anywhere<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><em>Ne\u2026plus<\/em> \u2013 anymore<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>This set of negative adverbs can be<strong> used in the position of <em>pas,<\/em> after the verb<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><em>Pas encore<\/em> \u2013 not yet<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><em>Pas du tout<\/em> \u2013 not at all<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><em>Pas toujours<\/em> \u2013 not always<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Negative adjectives<\/h2>\n<p>There are lots of adjectives that can be used to express French negation, too. Although they are positioned in the same way as the first set of negative adverbs we looked at, <strong>negative adjectives are different in that they must agree with the noun they describe<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>The two main choices are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><em>Aucun(e)<\/em> \u2013 any<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><em>Nul(le)<\/em> \u2013 any<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Note that <strong><em>nul<\/em> can only be used with uncountable nouns<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Let\u2019s look at a couple of examples:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><em>Je <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">n<\/span>\u2019ai <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">aucun<\/span> int\u00e9r\u00eat<\/em> (\u201cI do<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">n\u2019t<\/span> have <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">any<\/span> interest\u201d)<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><em>Je <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">n<\/span>\u2019ai trouv\u00e9 <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">nulle<\/span> eau<\/em> (\u201cI did<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">n\u2019t<\/span> find <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">any<\/span> water\u201d)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Negative pronouns<\/h2>\n<p>There are <strong>two main pronouns <\/strong>that can also be used to express French negation. These are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><em>Rien<\/em> \u2013 nothing<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><em>Personne<\/em> \u2013 nobody, anybody<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Check out this example of them both in use and their placement:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><em><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Personne<\/span> n\u2019a <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">rien<\/span> vu<\/em> <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">(\u201cNobody<\/span> saw <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">anything\u201d)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img class=\"aligncenter wp-image-38307\" src=\"https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/leqrning-french-negation-e1634721391135.jpg\" alt=\"book-backpack-computer-desk-study-learning\" width=\"700\" height=\"219\" srcset=\"https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/leqrning-french-negation-e1634721391135-200x63.jpg 200w, https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/leqrning-french-negation-e1634721391135-300x94.jpg 300w, https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/leqrning-french-negation-e1634721391135-400x125.jpg 400w, https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/leqrning-french-negation-e1634721391135-600x188.jpg 600w, https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/leqrning-french-negation-e1634721391135-768x240.jpg 768w, https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/leqrning-french-negation-e1634721391135-800x250.jpg 800w, https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/leqrning-french-negation-e1634721391135-1024x320.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/leqrning-french-negation-e1634721391135.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Articles in negative expressions<\/h2>\n<p>Now we\u2019ve seen how to form French negation, let\u2019s see <strong>how it affects our use of articles<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>When we use a definite article, such as <em>le, la, l\u2019,<\/em> or <em>les<\/em>, negation has no effect, and the articles remain intact. This is also true of contractions such as <em>au, aux, du,<\/em> and\u00a0des. For example:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><em>J\u2019ai <strong>les<\/strong> billets<\/em> (\u201cI have the tickets\u201d)<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><em>Je <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">n\u2019<\/span>ai <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">pas<\/span> <strong>les<\/strong> billets<\/em> (\u201cI do<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">n\u2019t<\/span> have the tickets\u201d)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Things change when we use indefinite articles \u2013 <em>un, une<\/em> and <em>des<\/em> \u2013 and other variations, such as<em> du, de la, de l\u2019,<\/em> and <em>des.<\/em> <strong>These types of articles transform into <em>de<\/em> or <em>d\u2019<\/em> <\/strong>when they follow the French negation.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><em>Il a <strong>des<\/strong> enfants<\/em> (\u201cHe has children\u201d)<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><em>Il <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">n\u2019<\/span>a <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">pas<\/span> <strong>d\u2019<\/strong>enfants<\/em> (\u201cHe does<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">n\u2019t<\/span> have children\u201d)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The only exception to this rule is after the verb <em>\u00eatre<\/em> (\u201cto be\u201d), in which case the article remains.<\/p>\n<h2>Using <em>n\u2019importe<\/em><\/h2>\n<p>This negation is worth singling out because it is <strong>widely used <\/strong>and can be a little tricky for newcomers to the language. When we use <em>n\u2019importe<\/em> in French, we are expressing \u201cno matter\u201d or \u201cany\u201d. Notice that there is <strong>no need for <em>pas<\/em> <\/strong>in this type of negation. Here\u2019s an example of it in use:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Fais-le <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">n\u2019importe comment<\/span><\/em> (\u201cDo it <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">in any way<\/span>\u201d)<\/li>\n<li><em>On peut venir <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">n\u2019importe quand<\/span><\/em> (\u201cWe can visit <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">anytime\u201d)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Common expressions<\/h2>\n<p>If you\u2019re still learning the ropes of incorporating French negation into your French, you can still express a wide range of negative expressions by using set phrases. There are <strong>lots of common expressions that use negation<\/strong> in French, and here are just a few:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><em>Pourquoi pas<\/em> \u2013 why not<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><em>Pas vraiment<\/em> \u2013 not really<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><em>Pas du tout<\/em> \u2013 not at all<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><em>Pas de probl\u00e8me<\/em> \u2013 no problem<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><em>N\u2019est-ce pas\u00a0?<\/em> \u2013 isn\u2019t it so\u00a0?<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><em>Pas trop<\/em> \u2013 not too much<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><em>Pas encore<\/em> \u2013 not yet<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Use a few of these the next time you speak French, and you\u2019ll sound like a native!<\/p>\n<h2>Studying with GlobalExam<\/h2>\n<p>That\u2019s a lot of information to digest! If you\u2019re looking for more information on French negation and would like to test yourself out putting it into practice, GlobalExam is the place for you. Our e-learning platform walks you through French negation and <strong>many other grammar topics in bitesize chunks<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>If you\u2019re ready, why not go and <strong>test out your new knowledge on one of French negation exercises?<\/strong> Practice makes perfect!<\/p>\n<p>We also have written an article about <a href=\"https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/en\/french-grammar-comparison\/\">comparative and superlative adverbs in French<\/a> for your review. For a comprehensive learning you can refer to the list of all <a href=\"https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/en\/french-grammar-adverbs\/\">types of\u00a0 French adverbs and examples of phrases<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-2{width:100% !important;margin-top : 0px;margin-bottom : 0px;}.fusion-builder-column-2 > .fusion-column-wrapper {padding-top : 0px !important;padding-right : 0px !important;margin-right : 0px;padding-bottom : 0px !important;padding-left : 0px !important;margin-left : 0px;}@media only screen and (max-width:1024px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-2{width:100% !important;}.fusion-builder-column-2 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 0px;margin-left : 0px;}}@media only screen and (max-width:640px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-2{width:100% !important;}.fusion-builder-column-2 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 0px;margin-left : 0px;}}<\/style><\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-flex-container.fusion-builder-row-3{ padding-top : 0px;margin-top : 0px;padding-right : 0px;padding-bottom : 0px;margin-bottom : 0px;padding-left : 0px;}<\/style><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":38304,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[5413,1800,5417],"tags":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v17.2.1 - 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