{"id":6505,"date":"2017-07-07T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2017-07-06T22:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/blog\/delf-gerund\/"},"modified":"2021-10-20T11:00:37","modified_gmt":"2021-10-20T09:00:37","slug":"delf-gerund","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/en\/french-grammar-gerund\/","title":{"rendered":"Understanding the gerund in French: structure and examples"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0);background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 0px;border-color:#eae9e9;border-style:solid;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"max-width:calc( 1400px + 0px );margin-left: calc(-0px \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-0px \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\" style=\"background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><p>This article is all about <strong>getting to know the gerund in French<\/strong>. Stay with us for a detailed look at the following things:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">What a gerund is<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">How we form it<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">How we use a gerund in French<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Studying French on GlobalExam<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>If you wish to take the tests\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/global-exam.com\/en\/exam\/delf\">DELF,<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/global-exam.com\/en\/exam\/dalf\">\u00a0DALF<\/a>\u00a0or\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/global-exam.com\/en\/exam\/tcf\">TCF<\/a> revising all our french grammar and conjugation worksheets is always a great idea!<\/p>\n<p>Ready? Let\u2019s dive in and <a href=\"https:\/\/global-exam.com\/en\/general\/french\">start learning French online!<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-0{width:100% !important;margin-top : 0px;margin-bottom : 0px;}.fusion-builder-column-0 > .fusion-column-wrapper {padding-top : 0px !important;padding-right : 0px !important;margin-right : 0px;padding-bottom : 0px !important;padding-left : 0px !important;margin-left : 0px;}@media only screen and (max-width:1024px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-0{width:100% !important;}.fusion-builder-column-0 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 0px;margin-left : 0px;}}@media only screen and (max-width:640px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-0{width:100% !important;}.fusion-builder-column-0 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 0px;margin-left : 0px;}}<\/style><\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-flex-container.fusion-builder-row-1{ padding-top : 0px;margin-top : 0px;padding-right : 0px;padding-bottom : 0px;margin-bottom : 0px;padding-left : 0px;}<\/style><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-2 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0);background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 0px;border-color:#eae9e9;border-style:solid;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"max-width:calc( 1400px + 0px );margin-left: calc(-0px \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-0px \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\" style=\"background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><div style=\"text-align:center;\"><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-button.button-1 .fusion-button-text, .fusion-button.button-1 i {color:#ffffff;}.fusion-button.button-1 .fusion-button-icon-divider{border-color:#ffffff;}.fusion-button.button-1:hover .fusion-button-text, .fusion-button.button-1:hover i,.fusion-button.button-1:focus .fusion-button-text, .fusion-button.button-1:focus i,.fusion-button.button-1:active .fusion-button-text, .fusion-button.button-1:active{color:#fe6c35;}.fusion-button.button-1:hover .fusion-button-icon-divider, .fusion-button.button-1:hover .fusion-button-icon-divider, .fusion-button.button-1:active .fusion-button-icon-divider{border-color:#fe6c35;}.fusion-button.button-1:hover, .fusion-button.button-1:focus, .fusion-button.button-1:active{border-color:#fe6c35;}.fusion-button.button-1 {border-color:#ffffff;border-radius:25px;}.fusion-button.button-1{background: #ff9800;}.fusion-button.button-1:hover,.button-1:focus,.fusion-button.button-1:active{background: #ffaa2b;}.fusion-button.button-1 .fusion-button-text {text-transform:uppercase;}<\/style><a class=\"fusion-button button-flat button-large button-custom button-1 fusion-button-span-no fusion-button-default-type\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/auth.global-exam.com\/register\"><span class=\"fusion-button-text\">Test my level for free<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-1{width:100% !important;margin-top : 30px;margin-bottom : 60px;}.fusion-builder-column-1 > .fusion-column-wrapper {padding-top : 0px !important;padding-right : 0px !important;margin-right : 0px;padding-bottom : 0px !important;padding-left : 0px !important;margin-left : 0px;}@media only screen and (max-width:1024px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-1{width:100% !important;}.fusion-builder-column-1 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 0px;margin-left : 0px;}}@media only screen and (max-width:640px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-1{width:100% !important;}.fusion-builder-column-1 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 0px;margin-left : 0px;}}<\/style><\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-flex-container.fusion-builder-row-2{ padding-top : 0px;margin-top : 0px;padding-right : 0px;padding-bottom : 0px;margin-bottom : 0px;padding-left : 0px;}<\/style><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-3 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0);background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 0px;border-color:#eae9e9;border-style:solid;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"max-width:calc( 1400px + 0px );margin-left: calc(-0px \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-0px \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-2 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\" style=\"background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\"><h2>What is the gerund?<\/h2>\n<p>The word may sound a little funny, but truth be told, gerunds are really useful. A gerund is a verbal form that expresses <strong>simultaneity and causation<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>In English, you\u2019ll be familiar with the way in which<strong> we use -ing verbs to express the same thing<\/strong>. Take a look at these examples:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">She learns Spanish <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">by listening<\/span> to Spanish podcasts<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">They swapped stories <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">while drinking<\/span> wine<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In French, <strong>these expressions would be translated using gerunds<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-38258\" src=\"https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/french-gerund-learning-e1634720421512.jpg\" alt=\"postit-notes-english\" width=\"700\" height=\"227\" srcset=\"https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/french-gerund-learning-e1634720421512-200x65.jpg 200w, https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/french-gerund-learning-e1634720421512-300x98.jpg 300w, https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/french-gerund-learning-e1634720421512-400x130.jpg 400w, https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/french-gerund-learning-e1634720421512-600x195.jpg 600w, https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/french-gerund-learning-e1634720421512-768x250.jpg 768w, https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/french-gerund-learning-e1634720421512-800x260.jpg 800w, https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/french-gerund-learning-e1634720421512-1024x333.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/french-gerund-learning-e1634720421512.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>How do we form the gerund?<\/h2>\n<p>In order to form the gerund in French, you first <strong>need to know how to form the present participle<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>The French present participle is another verb form that is <strong>recognizable by its distinctive <em>-ant<\/em> ending<\/strong>, e.g. <em>parlant<\/em> (\u201cspeaking\u201d), <em>mangeant<\/em> (\u201ceating\u201d), and <em>aimant<\/em> (\u201cloving\u201d). The present participle<strong> isn\u2019t quite as versatile as its English counterpart<\/strong>, but it still has a few helpful functions.<\/p>\n<p>Forming the gerund in French is simple. Follow these steps:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Take the verb in the present tense, e.g. <em>parler<\/em><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Remove the verb ending, e.g. <em>parl-<\/em><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Add <em>-ant<\/em> to form the present participle, e.g. <em>parlant<\/em><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Add <em>en<\/em> before the verb, e.g. <em>en parlant<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>If you want to <strong>use the gerund in a negative expression<\/strong>, the negative particles <em>ne\u2026 pas<\/em> position themselves either side of the verb as follows:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><em>en<\/em> + <em>ne<\/em> + verb + <em>pas<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>When do we use the gerund?<\/h2>\n<p>Now we know how to form the gerund in French, when exactly do we use it?<\/p>\n<p>There are a few places where the gerund comes in handy. We can use the gerund in French to express:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Simultaneity:<\/strong> two actions that occur at the same time<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cause:<\/strong> why something occurs<\/li>\n<li><strong>Manner:<\/strong> the way in which something occurs<\/li>\n<li><strong>Condition<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Let\u2019s take a look at some examples to see the French gerund in action.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><em>J\u2019\u00e9tudie <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">en \u00e9coutant<\/span> la radio en fran\u00e7ais<\/em> (\u201cI study while listening to the radio in French\u201d)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In this example, the two actions \u2013 studying and listening to the radio \u2013 occur at the same time. This is simultaneity: it describes simultaneous actions completed by the same person.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><em>Il s\u2019est fait mal <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">en faisant<\/span> trop de sport<\/em> (\u201cHe hurt himself from doing too much sport\u201d)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In this example, the first action \u2013 hurting himself \u2013 has been caused by the second action \u2013 doing sport. This is cause.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><em>Je vais au travail <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">en marchant<\/span><\/em> (\u201cI go to work by walking\u201d)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In this example, the second action \u2013 walking \u2013 describes the way in which the first action \u2013 going to work \u2013 is carried out. This is manner.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><em>Tu trouveras ce que tu cherches <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">en allant<\/span> chez Ik\u00e9a<\/em> (\u201cYou\u2019ll find what you\u2019re looking for by going to Ikea\u201d)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In this example, the first action \u2013 finding something \u2013 will only happen on condition of the second action \u2013 going to Ikea. This is condition.<\/p>\n<h2>Irregular verb formations<\/h2>\n<p>Forming the gerund in French is fairly simple once you\u2019re familiar with the present participle. Simply<strong> learn the steps outlined above and then apply it to any verb<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>However, this wouldn\u2019t be a French grammar lesson if there weren\u2019t a couple of stubborn verbs that beat to the sound of their own drum. We\u2019re talking about <strong>irregular verbs<\/strong>, of course!<\/p>\n<p>There are <strong>three main verbs that take an irregular form for the gerund in French<\/strong>: <em>avoir<\/em> (\u201cto have\u201d), <em>\u00eatre<\/em> (\u201cto be\u201d), and <em>savoir<\/em> (\u201cto know\u201d).<\/p>\n<p>Look at the table below to see their gerund forms:<\/p>\n\n<table id=\"tablepress-972\" class=\"tablepress tablepress-id-972\">\n<tbody class=\"row-hover\">\n<tr class=\"row-1 odd\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">avoir<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">\u00eatre<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">savoir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-2 even\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">en ayant<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">en \u00e9tant<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">en sachant<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<h2>Studying with GlobalExam<\/h2>\n<p>Did you find this grammar recap helpful? We hope so! If you did, you can find<strong> more resources like this on<\/strong> the GlobalExam e-learning platform.<\/p>\n<p>We\u2019ve developed a platform for learning languages online, including a whole section dedicated to French. Whether you\u2019re a <strong>beginner, intermediate or advanced French speaker<\/strong>, we can help you move to the next level. On GlobalExam, you\u2019ll find <strong>grammar sheets on every grammar topic you can think of<\/strong>, along with exercises and tests.<\/p>\n<p>One of the great things about learning online is that <strong>you can design the course to suit your level, your goals, and your timeline<\/strong>. Studying for a test? No problem! We have resources specifically designed to help students <strong>prepare for the DELF, DALF and the TCF too<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Don\u2019t stop at the gerund, you can <strong>conquer all of French grammar<\/strong> in a doddle with GlobalExam!<\/p>\n<p>Take some time to read more articles about French grammar and conjugation to improve your French level. We have written articles on topics such as French adjectives, pronouns, adverbs, gerund and all you need to know about verbs and tenses.<\/p>\n<p>Here with the list of French grammar and conjugation worksheets:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/en\/french-grammar-adjectives\/\">French grammar \u2013 French adjectives: definition, forms, and rules<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/en\/french-grammar-relative-pronouns\/\">List of relative pronouns in French: learning when to use them<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/en\/french-grammar-adverbs\/\">What is an adverb In French? Types and examples of phrases<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/en\/french-grammar-passive\/\">Learning French Grammar \u2013 French Passive To Active Voice<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"entry-title\" data-fontsize=\"45\" data-lineheight=\"56\"><a href=\"https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/en\/list-of-french-grammar-and-conjugation-worksheets\/\">List of French Grammar and Conjugation Worksheets<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/en\/french-grammar-french-conjugation-all-you-need-to-know-about-verbs-and-tenses\/\">French Conjugation All you need to know about Verbs And Tenses<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>And if you\u2019re looking for\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/global-exam.com\/blog\/en\/general-french-best-french-grammar-books-for-beginner-to-advanced-levels\/\">the best grammar book to suit your level<\/a>, you can rest assured that there are all kinds!<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-2{width:100% !important;margin-top : 0px;margin-bottom : 0px;}.fusion-builder-column-2 > .fusion-column-wrapper {padding-top : 0px !important;padding-right : 0px !important;margin-right : 0px;padding-bottom : 0px !important;padding-left : 0px !important;margin-left : 0px;}@media only screen and (max-width:1024px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-2{width:100% !important;}.fusion-builder-column-2 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 0px;margin-left : 0px;}}@media only screen and (max-width:640px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-2{width:100% !important;}.fusion-builder-column-2 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 0px;margin-left : 0px;}}<\/style><\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-flex-container.fusion-builder-row-3{ padding-top : 0px;margin-top : 0px;padding-right : 0px;padding-bottom : 0px;margin-bottom : 0px;padding-left : 0px;}<\/style><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":38257,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[5413,1800,5417],"tags":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v17.2.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Understanding the gerund in French: structure and examples - GlobalExam Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"How much do you know about the French gerund? 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