雅思閱讀簡介
雅思考試的第二部分是閱讀，內容包括在3段文本中搜索相關內容並據此回答40個問題。如果您採取正確的態度方法對待閱讀部分，該部分可以為您輕鬆提高分數。
提前備考對雅思閱讀十分重要，GlobalExam在線培訓平台對此推出一系列標準練習和模擬考試，可以幫助您輕鬆提分。
注意：雅思考試學術類和培訓類閱讀部分的唯一區別是文本內容的類別，以下建議對二者全部適用。
閱讀部分考試結構
下圖表格為雅思考試結構的簡單總結：
| 雅思閱讀 | 內容結構 |
|---|---|
| 考試內容 | 雅思閱讀包括3段文本，每個文本對應一部分練習，題目難度從易到難逐漸增加。 文本內容選自真實出版物，主題覆蓋十分廣泛（詳細參見我們的博客）。 您有1小時回答40個問題，我們建議您分配約15分鐘在第一部分，約20分鐘在第二部分，約25分鐘在第三部分。 |
| 常見問題 | 閱讀部分一共有40個問題，問題類型有很多種（填空題，選擇題，圖表題等） 每答對一道題得一分，答錯不扣分。 所有問題答案都能在原文中找到支持。 |
| 答題紙 | 所有的答案都必須寫在答題紙上。 |
* 可通過雅思官網下載聽力測試答題卡示例。
以下內容為雅思真題示例：
- 第1部分 (問題1到12)
TEXT: BIOLOGY AND YOUR HEALTH
A What you eat and drink is directly related to your health. But you may not think twice about the possibility of contaminated food or water, or a lack of vitamins in your diet. Not long ago, diseases caused by vitamin deficiencies were still fairly common. The first vitamins were identified less than 100 years ago, but today the vitamins found in foods are printed on labels.
B Even today we still face food-related causes of illness. For example, you might hear about an outbreak of food poisoning, and mad cow disease was only recognized in the late 1980’s. Of perhaps greater concern to you are food allergies. Many people suffer from severe, even life threatening, allergies to foods such as peanuts and shellfish. Beyond questions about the sources of food are questions and concerns about what people eat and how much they eat. For example, scientists estimate that more than 60 percent of adults in the United States are overweight or obese. The health consequences of obesity include increased risks of diabetes, stroke, heart disease, breast cancer, colon cancer and other health problems. Biology can help you to better understand all of these health-related issues.
C An understanding of biology on many different levels –genetic, chemical, and cellular, for example — can help you make any number of lifestyle choices that affect your health. Why is it important to use sunscreen? What are the benefits of exercise? What are the effects of using alcohol, illegal drugs and tobacco? Cigarette smoke does not just affect the lungs; it can also change a person’s body chemistry and have strong negative effects on the kidneys. Non smokers normally have a normal enzyme level, while smokers have lower enzyme levels. Lower levels of monoamine oxidase in the brain can affect mood, and lower levels in the liver could contribute to high blood pressure.
Biology and the World Around You
D In 1995, some middle school students from Minnesota were walking through a wetland and collecting frogs for a school project. The students stopped to look at the frogs and what they saw shocked them. Many of the frogs had deformities, including missing legs, extra legs, and missing eyes. What caused the deformities? Scientists investigated that question by testing several hypotheses. They studied whether the deformities could have been caused by factors such as a chemical in the water, ultraviolet radiation, or some other type of infection.
E Why would frog deformities such as that provoke such scientific interest? The frogs are a part of an ecosystem, so whatever affected them could affect other species in the area. If the deformities were caused by a chemical in the water, might the chemical pose a risk to people living in the area? In other regions of the United States parasites caused similar deformities in frogs. Might that parasite also be present in Minnesota? If so, did it pose a risk to other species?
F At first, parasites were not found in the frogs. However, scientists now suggest that the frog deformities were due to a combination of infection by parasites, called trematodes, and predation by dragonfly nymphs. Science has answered some questions about the cause of the leg deformities. However, scientists now think that a chemical may be connected to the increased number of parasite infections.
G Suppose that the chemical comes from a factory in the area. Is it reasonable to ban the chemical? Should the factory be closed or fined? In any instance like this, political, legal, economic, and biological concerns have to be considered. What is the economic impact on the factory on the area? Is there any evidence of human health problems in the area? Is there a different chemical that could be used? Without an understanding of biology, how could you make an informed decision related to any of these questions?
H These are the types of questions that people try to answer every day. Biologists and other scientists research environmental issues such as pollution, biodiversity, habitat preservation, land conservation, and natural resource use, but decisions about the future are not in the hands of scientists. It is up to everyone to make decisions based on evidence and conclusions from many different sources.
QUESTIONS 1 – 7
Label the missing words on the diagram below using words from the following paragraph from the text :
An understanding of biology on many different levels –genetic, chemical, and cellularm for example — can help you make any number of lifestyle choices that affect your health. Why is it important to use sunscreen? What are the benefits of exercise? What are the effects of using alcohol, illegal drugs and tobacco? Cigarette smoke does not just affect the lungs; it can also change a person’s body chemistry and have strong negative effects on the kidneys. Non smokers normally have a normal enzyme level, while non smokers have lower enzyme levels. Lower levels of monoamine oxidase in the brain can affect mood, and lower levels in the liver could contribute to high blood pressure.
Write your answers in boxes 1 – 7 on your answer sheet.
QUESTIONS 8 – 12
This passage has eight sections, A-H.
Choose the correct heading for sections B, C, E – G and from the list of headings below.
Write the correct number i-ix in boxes 8-12 on your answer sheet.
8. Section B __________
9. Section C __________
10. Section E __________
11. Section F __________
12. Section G __________
閱讀部分考試策略
閱讀部分一項重要的成功策略是：理解並熟悉11最常見的題目要求，總結如下表：
| 問題內容 | 描述和建議 |
|---|---|
| 選擇題 | 一個或多個正確答案（通常有ABCD四個選項） 問題按時間順序排列。 |
| 是非判斷題 | “true”“yes”=陳述觀點與原文相符 “false”“no”=陳述觀點與原文不符 “not given”=原文中沒有相關內容 回答時必須遵守題目要求，如果題目要求用“true/false”回答而考生使用“yes/no”回答則會不得分。 |
| 段落匹配題 | 將陳述中的信息內容匹配到相應段落。（“Men discovered fire 790000years ago”→”The keys to human growth and development”） 陳述內容的數量可能大於段落數量，比如7條陳述5個段落。 有的段落可能沒有相關的匹配陳述。 |
| 主題匹配題 | 將某一段落匹配到相應的主題（paragraphe B→titireⅱ:“The keys to human growth and development”） 主題內容用羅馬數字代表（ⅰⅱⅲ...），段落內容用拉丁字母代表(ABC...) 主題的數量可能大於段落數量，比如7條主題5個段落。 有的段落可能沒有相關的匹配主題。 |
| 句子匹配題 | 用給出的前一半句匹配到相應的後半句。 供選的前半句可能大於給出的後半句數量，比如6個詞4個空格。 給出的前半句內容遵循原文順序。 |
| 補全句子題 | 使用給出的詞語根據原文補全句子 供選詞語數量可能大於空格數量，比如6個詞4個空格。 一定要注意题目的字数限制（“NO MORE THAN ---WORDS”）。 |
| 補全圖表/文本題 | 使用原文中的詞補全給出文本。 給出的文本可能是一個連續的段落，圖表等。 答案經常在原文統一段落中，但未必按照原文順序。 |
| 縮略圖標示題 | 使用原文中的詞補全給出縮略圖。 縮略圖內容可能會是機械，建築等各種內容。 一定要注意题目的字数限制（“NO MORE THAN ---WORDS”）。 |
| 簡答題 | 使用原文中的內容回答。 一定要注意题目的字数限制（“NO MORE THAN ---WORDS”，複合詞例如“check-in”算作一個詞）。 |
時間管理也是成功通過閱讀考試的關鍵。閱讀部分持續一個小時，需要回答40個問題，考試時可以根據自己的具體情況安排時間。但是注意由於問題難度漸增大，我們建議您分配約15分鐘在第一部分，約20分鐘在第二部分，約25分鐘在第三部分。
GlobalExam的考試建議
- 建議n°1 : 認真閱讀題目要求。每道題的題目要求都有所不同，回答問題時務必要遵守，如果您所答非所問則一定會丟分：例如題目要求“Answer Yes, No or Not Given”，您必須在以上三者中二選一否則答案無效。遇到此類問題首先要到原文中找答案，“Yes”意味著陳述觀點與原文相符，“No” 意味著不符合, “Not Given”意味著原文中沒有相關內容。
- 建議n°2 : 注意時間管理，因為答題時間有限，每道題回答時間不要超過3分鐘，如果遇到困難請立刻跳到下一題不要戀戰。優先完成所有題目，而不是在某道難題上浪費時間。
GlobalExam在線備考
GlobalExam是一個在線備考平台，提供限時模擬考試，相關詞彙語法合集，常見類型題及詳解。除了閱讀部分以外，我們的博客中還有關於雅思考試的其他部分介紹和考試技巧供您參考。
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