TOEFL IBT – Physics
Vocabulary is promordial in order to improve your TOEFL score. Remember, Preparation is the key to succeed !
This vocabulary will be useful if you ever take a physics course in school, for expanding your English vocabulary, or especially for any number of English language exams you may take. Here we will look at the most commonly used words in the field, along with their French translations.
acceleration |
the rate at which the velocity of a body changes with time |
We achieved this acceleration over a distance of less than one millimeter. |
l’accélération |
balanced force |
equal force acting on an object in different directions |
The balanced forces are inward gravitational force and an outward force due to the pressure gradient within the star. |
la force équilibrée |
centripetal force |
a force that causes an object to move in a cycle |
The centripetal force demanded by the curved motion is also shown above. |
la force centripète |
energy |
the capacity of a physical system to do work |
Its energy could change the rate at which the universe expands. |
l’énergie |
force |
push or pull on an object |
Although it survived, gravitational forces shattered it into several pieces. |
la force |
free fall |
when the only force acting on an object is gravity |
All these objects are in free fall, not zero gravity. |
la chute libre |
friction |
the force between two rubbing surfaces |
The Teflon reduces the friction of the skin against the sock. |
la friction |
gravity |
the force that pulls objects towards each other |
A sink drains because gravity pulls the water through the pipes. |
la gravitation |
inertia |
Newton’s first law of motion that states that an object in motion stays in motion |
But inertia, however, has it leaning in that direction. |
l’inertie |
kinetic energy |
the mechanical energy that a body has by virtue of its motion |
When transferred to the arrow it is referred to as kinetic energy. |
l’énergie cinétique |
Law of Conservation of Energy |
the law that states that energy cannot be created or destroyed but can be changed from one form to another |
In the table scenario, I apply the Law of Conservation of Energy. |
la loi des économies d’énergies |
momentum |
the product of a body’s mass and its velocity |
Yet the momentum for an alternative force seems durable this time. |
l’élan |
motion |
the state in which one object’s distance from another is changing |
Sandy sets the wheels in motion, but then backs out. |
le mouvement |
net force |
the overall force of an object |
But the tension is not the same as the net force. |
la force nette |
Newton’s second law of motion |
the acceleration of an object depends on the mass of the object and the amount of force applied |
Newton’s second law of motion states that F=ma, or force equals mass times acceleration. |
la seconde loi de mouvement de Newton |
Newton’s third law of motion |
for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction |
While he did not specify that these forces be equal, it was still an early version of Newton’s third law of motion. |
la troisième loi de mouvement de Newton |
potential energy |
the mechanical energy that a body has |
Fuel contains potential energy realized by burning it to drive an engine. |
l’énergie potentielle |
speed |
the distance an object travels per unit of time |
The increased speed induces disturbances in the Earth’s magnetosphere. |
la vitesse |
terminal velocity |
the maximum speed possible while free falling |
The terminal velocity has nothing to do with the bullet’s initial velocity. |
la vitesse finale |
velocity |
a speed in any direction |
The stunt is controlled by a computer that manages wind velocity. |
la vitesse |
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